La agricultura campesina en Monte Plata, República Dominicana: Desafíos frente al capitalismo y las políticas agrarias
Date
Subject
Agricultura campesina
estructura agraria
pequeño agricultor
capitalismo agrario
República Dominicana
Peasant agriculture
agrarian structure
small farmer
agrarian capitalism
Dominican Republic
estructura agraria
pequeño agricultor
capitalismo agrario
República Dominicana
Peasant agriculture
agrarian structure
small farmer
agrarian capitalism
Dominican Republic
Language:
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC)
Este artículo examina la agricultura campesina en el municipio de Monte Plata, República Dominicana, en el contexto del capitalismo agrario y la política sectorial en el territorio. Presenta resultados parciales de una investigación más amplia, que incluyó 121 entrevistas en doce comunidades rurales. De estas, se analizan aquí 51 productores agropecuarios encuestados mediante formularios estructurados, y 21 entrevistas de profundidad e historias de vida con productores, técnicos y líderes comunitarios. La investigación combina un enfoque histórico-estructural con elementos del empirismo neopositivista y adopta un diseño metodológico mixto, de tipo descriptivo-correlacional. Se emplearon técnicas de recolección cuantitativa (cuestionarios estructurados) y cualitativa (entrevistas semiestructuradas e historias de vida), aplicadas mediante un muestreo intencional en comunidades rurales del municipio, sin pretensión de inferencia estadística. A partir del análisis de datos secundarios, se estima que más del 90 % de la superficie agrícola del municipio está concentrada en pocos latifundios capitalistas y precapitalistas (ganadería y palma africana), junto a grandes y medianas empresas y productores absentistas. Dejando a los residentes las tierras marginales, donde predominan microfincas que no garantizan la reproducción familiar, y atrapadas en procesos de pauperización, migración y proletarización. Tres cuartas partes de las explotaciones encuestadas tienen un tamaño de 80 tareas (5 ha) o menos, y una cuarta parte no supera las 8 tareas (0.5 ha). Se observa además una creciente diferenciación entre pequeños productores ganaderos y agrícolas, producto de la mercantilización y asalarización. Finalmente, se proponen lineamientos de política orientados a una reforma agraria integral en el contexto de un desarrollo territorial rural inclusivo y sostenible.
This article examines peasant agriculture in the municipality of Monte Plata, Dominican Republic, in the context of agrarian capitalism and sectorial policy in the territory. It presents partial results from a broader study that included 121 interviews in twelve rural communities. Of these, 50 agricultural producers surveyed using structured questionnaires and 21 in-depth interviews and life histories with producers, technicians, and community leaders are analyzed here. The research combines a historical-structural approach with elements of neopositivist empiricism and adopts a mixed methodological design, descriptive-correlational in type. Quantitative data collection techniques (structured questionnaires) and qualitative ones (semi-structured interviews and life histories) were employed, applied through purposive sampling in rural communities of the municipality, without the intention of statistical inference. Based on the analysis of secondary data, it is estimated that more than 90% of the agricultural area is concentrated in a few capitalist and precapitalist latifundia (livestock and African palm), along with large and medium-sized farms operated by absentee producers. Residents are left with marginal lands, where micro-farms predominate that do not guarantee family reproduction, driving processes of pauperization, migration, and proletarianization. Three quarters of the surveyed holdings are 80 tareas (5 ha) or smaller, and one quarter do not exceed 8 tareas (0.5 ha). A growing differentiation between small livestock and crop producers is also observed, a product of commercialization and wage labor. Finally, policy guidelines aimed at an integral agrarian reform are proposed within the context of inclusive and sustainable rural territorial development.
This article examines peasant agriculture in the municipality of Monte Plata, Dominican Republic, in the context of agrarian capitalism and sectorial policy in the territory. It presents partial results from a broader study that included 121 interviews in twelve rural communities. Of these, 50 agricultural producers surveyed using structured questionnaires and 21 in-depth interviews and life histories with producers, technicians, and community leaders are analyzed here. The research combines a historical-structural approach with elements of neopositivist empiricism and adopts a mixed methodological design, descriptive-correlational in type. Quantitative data collection techniques (structured questionnaires) and qualitative ones (semi-structured interviews and life histories) were employed, applied through purposive sampling in rural communities of the municipality, without the intention of statistical inference. Based on the analysis of secondary data, it is estimated that more than 90% of the agricultural area is concentrated in a few capitalist and precapitalist latifundia (livestock and African palm), along with large and medium-sized farms operated by absentee producers. Residents are left with marginal lands, where micro-farms predominate that do not guarantee family reproduction, driving processes of pauperization, migration, and proletarianization. Three quarters of the surveyed holdings are 80 tareas (5 ha) or smaller, and one quarter do not exceed 8 tareas (0.5 ha). A growing differentiation between small livestock and crop producers is also observed, a product of commercialization and wage labor. Finally, policy guidelines aimed at an integral agrarian reform are proposed within the context of inclusive and sustainable rural territorial development.
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Artículos evaluados por pares
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Artículos evaluados por pares
Source
Science and Society; Vol. 50 No. 2 (2025): Science and Society; 25-51
Ciencia y Sociedad; Vol. 50 Núm. 2 (2025): Ciencia y Sociedad; 25-51
2613-8751
0378-7680
10.22206/ciso.2025.v50i2
Ciencia y Sociedad; Vol. 50 Núm. 2 (2025): Ciencia y Sociedad; 25-51
2613-8751
0378-7680
10.22206/ciso.2025.v50i2