La complejidad química de las gasolinas de automoción

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dc.creatorBoluda, Carlos José
dc.creatorMacías, Mariana
dc.creatorGonzález Marrero, Joaquín
dc.date2019-12-12
dc.date.accessioned2020-09-10T20:26:57Z
dc.date.available2020-09-10T20:26:57Z
dc.descriptionUsed mainly as fuels in internal combustion engines, gasolines are complex mixtures of hydrocarbons that include in their composition different additives that improve their stability and performance. Its chemical composition is not only diverse but also variable, depending on the crude oil origin, the obtaining process and the existing regulations, which fix the maximum allowed content of certain compounds that should be limited due to their toxicity. Gasolines are obtained by fractional distillation of petroleum and also from heavier fractions of petroleum by thermal or catalytic cracking, processes that together with catalytic reforming will have a direct impact on their composition. The objective of this review is to address the complex composition of gasoline, as well as some basic processes of oil refining, which largely determine its composition and which are closely related to the emission of polluting substances. In this way, we provide a more accurate context on the pollutants of gasoline and its impact on the environment, while we highlight the need for advanced regulations to regulate the composition of fuels.en-US
dc.descriptionUtilizadas principalmente como combustibles en motores de combustión interna, las gasolinas son mezclas complejas de hidrocarburos que incluyen en su composición distintos aditivos para mejorar su estabilidad y prestaciones. Su composición química es no solo diversa, sino también variable, dependiendo del crudo de procedencia, del proceso de obtención y de las normativas existentes. Estas fijan el contenido máximo permitido de determinados compuestos que, por su toxicidad, deben quedar limitados. Las gasolinas se obtienen por destilación fraccionada del petróleo y también a partir de fracciones más pesadas del mismo, mediante craqueo térmico o catalítico, procesos que junto al reformado catalítico van a tener una incidencia directa en su composición. El objetivo de esta revisión es abordar la compleja composición que presentan las gasolinas, así como algunos procesos básicos del refinado de petróleo. Estos procesos determinan en buena medida la naturaleza química de los componentes de este combustible, algunos de los cuales se relacionan con la emisión de sustancias nocivas para la salud y el medio ambiente. De esta forma, proporcionamos un contexto más exacto sobre los agentes contaminantes de la gasolina, a la vez que ponemos de manifiesto la necesidad de contar con normativas avanzadas que regulen la composición de los combustibles.es-ES
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dc.identifierhttps://revistas.intec.edu.do/index.php/cite/article/view/1569
dc.identifier10.22206/cyap.2019.v2i2.pp51-79
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositoriobiblioteca.intec.edu.do/handle/123456789/2832
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherInstituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC)es-ES
dc.relationhttps://revistas.intec.edu.do/index.php/cite/article/view/1569/2165
dc.relationhttps://revistas.intec.edu.do/index.php/cite/article/view/1569/2170
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dc.rightsDerechos de autor 2019 Ciencia, Ingenierías y Aplicacioneses-ES
dc.rightshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/es-ES
dc.sourceScience, Engineering and Applications; Vol 2 No 2 (2019): Science, Engineering and Applications; 51-79en-US
dc.sourceCiencia, Ingenierías y Aplicaciones; Vol. 2 Núm. 2 (2019): Ciencia, Ingenierías y Aplicaciones; 51-79es-ES
dc.source2636-2171
dc.source2636-218X
dc.source10.22206/cyap.2019.v2i2
dc.subjectgasolineen-US
dc.subjectoctane indexen-US
dc.subjectthermal crackingen-US
dc.subjectcatalytic crackingen-US
dc.subjectcatalytic reformingen-US
dc.subjectgasolinaes-ES
dc.subjectoctanajees-ES
dc.subjectcraqueo térmicoes-ES
dc.subjectcraqueo catalíticoes-ES
dc.subjectreformado catalíticoes-ES
dc.titleThe chemical complexity of automotive gasolinesen-US
dc.titleLa complejidad química de las gasolinas de automociónes-ES
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.typeNotaes-ES
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