Pensar el VIH desde la adolescencia: representaciones sociales, conocimientos y actitudes en estudiantes de un colegio público de Medellín1
Date
Subject
Adolescente
prejuicios
creencias
mitos
VIH-SIDA
Adolescent
Prejudices
Beliefs
Myths
HIV/AIDS
prejuicios
creencias
mitos
VIH-SIDA
Adolescent
Prejudices
Beliefs
Myths
HIV/AIDS
Language:
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC)
El objetivo de esta investigación fue comprender las representaciones sociales, prejuicios y actitudes de estudiantes adolescentes frente al VIH en un colegio público de Medellín. Metodológicamente se orientó desde un paradigma hermenéutico, enfoque cualitativo, mediante el estudio de caso de una institución educativa, y la recolección de datos a través de técnicas interactivas. Los principales resultados muestran la persistencia de representaciones sociales erróneas sobre el VIH, que son sustentadas en mitos y creencias infundadas, en su mayoría relacionadas con prácticas sexuales, contacto físico o ideas irracionales sobre el origen y formas de transmisión del virus. A pesar de que algunos de los participantes mostraron conocimientos básicos sobre el contagio, prevalece la mezcla con estereotipos negativos, emociones como el miedo y actitudes discriminatorias. También se revelo la poca percepción de riesgo y la escasa consciencia sobre las prácticas de autocuidado y el uso del preservativo, lo que incrementa la vulnerabilidad de esta población. Se concluye que el desconocimiento y la información estigmatizada sobre el diagnóstico, son factores claves para la reproducción de actitudes sociales discriminatorias hacia quienes viven con VIH. Por ello, se hace relevante el fortalecimiento de los programas de prevención y educación que transcienda el mero uso de preservativos, y dote a esta población de un conocimiento completo y verídico sobre este diagnóstico.
The aim of this research was to understand the social representations, prejudices, and attitudes of adolescent students toward HIV in a public school in Medellín. Methodologically, the study was guided by a hermeneutic paradigm and a qualitative approach, employing a case study design within an educational institution. Data were collected through interactive techniques. The main findings reveal the persistence of erroneous social representations about HIV, largely supported by myths and unfounded beliefs—mainly associated with sexual practices, physical contact, and irrational ideas about the virus's origin and modes of transmission. Although some participants demonstrated basic knowledge about HIV transmission, this understanding was often intertwined with negative stereotypes, emotions such as fear, and discriminatory attitudes. The study also revealed a low perception of risk and limited awareness regarding self-care practices and condom use, which increases the vulnerability of this population. It is concluded that lack of knowledge and stigmatized information about the diagnosis are key factors contributing to the reproduction of discriminatory social attitudes toward people living with HIV. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen prevention and education programs that go beyond promoting condom use, aiming instead to provide adolescents with accurate and comprehensive knowledge about HIV.
The aim of this research was to understand the social representations, prejudices, and attitudes of adolescent students toward HIV in a public school in Medellín. Methodologically, the study was guided by a hermeneutic paradigm and a qualitative approach, employing a case study design within an educational institution. Data were collected through interactive techniques. The main findings reveal the persistence of erroneous social representations about HIV, largely supported by myths and unfounded beliefs—mainly associated with sexual practices, physical contact, and irrational ideas about the virus's origin and modes of transmission. Although some participants demonstrated basic knowledge about HIV transmission, this understanding was often intertwined with negative stereotypes, emotions such as fear, and discriminatory attitudes. The study also revealed a low perception of risk and limited awareness regarding self-care practices and condom use, which increases the vulnerability of this population. It is concluded that lack of knowledge and stigmatized information about the diagnosis are key factors contributing to the reproduction of discriminatory social attitudes toward people living with HIV. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen prevention and education programs that go beyond promoting condom use, aiming instead to provide adolescents with accurate and comprehensive knowledge about HIV.
Description
Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Artículos evaluados por pares
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Artículos evaluados por pares
Source
Science and Society; Vol. 50 No. 2 (2025): Science and Society; 105-122
Ciencia y Sociedad; Vol. 50 Núm. 2 (2025): Ciencia y Sociedad; 105-122
2613-8751
0378-7680
10.22206/ciso.2025.v50i2
Ciencia y Sociedad; Vol. 50 Núm. 2 (2025): Ciencia y Sociedad; 105-122
2613-8751
0378-7680
10.22206/ciso.2025.v50i2