Estudio retrospectivo de casos de insuficiencia cardíaca en adultos del 2011 al 2015 en un Hospital Dominicano
Date
Subject
Heart failure
morbimortality
arterial hypertension
cardiovascular risk factors
insuficiencia cardíaca
morbimortalidad
hipertensión arterial
factores de riesgo cardiovasculares
morbimortality
arterial hypertension
cardiovascular risk factors
insuficiencia cardíaca
morbimortalidad
hipertensión arterial
factores de riesgo cardiovasculares
Language:
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Intituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC)
Introducción: la insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) es un síndrome caracterizado por un funcionamiento inadecuado de las capacidades cardíacas, que se asocia con discapacidad. Sus múltiples etiologías y factores de riesgo varían geográficamente, por lo que se plantea conocer las características clínicas de la IC en la República Dominicana, con el objetivo de sugerir mejoras en los servicios de salud.
Métodos: se identificaron 2,119 casos de pacientes con IC en el Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud (HGPS) y con base en esta población se calculó una muestra de 326 casos, a partir de un intervalo de confianza de 95 % y un margen de error de 5 %. Partiendo del cálculo de la muestra, se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 378 casos. Este sobre muestreo se realizó previendo la posible eliminación de algunos casos en los análisis finales. Luego de esto, se procedió a la extracción de datos.
Resultados: el estudio mostró que la edad promedio fue de 69 años. Se evidenciaron diversos factores de riesgos predominantes como la hipertensión arterial 87.5 %, cardiopatía isquémica 50.4 %, valvulopatías 40 %, y la diabetes mellitus un 34.7 %. También se observaron conductas de riesgo en las que predominan el uso de tabaco (23.7 %), obesidad (17.4 %) y consumo de alcohol (7.8 %). El síntoma más frecuente fue disnea con 84.7 %. La fracción de eyección promedio fue 48 %. El tratamiento más común fue los diuréticos. La mortalidad registrada fue 11.1 %.
Discusión: este estudio evidencia una alta ocurrencia de conductas y factores de riesgo, cuya intervención y subsecuente disminución pudiera significar cambios importantes a la prevalencia de la IC en el país.
Introduction: Heart failure (HF) is a syndrome characterized by inadequate functioning of the cardiac capacities associated with disability. Its multiple etiologies and risk factors vary geographically, so it is proposed to know the clinical characteristics of HF in the Dominican Republic with the aim of suggesting improvements in health services. Methods: 2,119 cases of patients with HF were identified in Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud (HGPS) and based on this population size, a sample of 326 cases was calculated, based on a 95% confidence interval and a 5% margin of error. Based on the sample calculation, 378 cases were randomly selected. This oversampling was carried out anticipating the possible extraction of some cases in the final analyzes. After sampling, data was obtained. Results: The study showed that the average age was 69 years. Diverse risk factors were evident predominantly arterial hypertension 87.5%, ischemic heart disease 50.4%, valvulopathies 40%, and diabetes mellitus 34.7%. Risk behaviors were also observed in which the use of tobacco predominated (23.7%), obesity (17.4%) and alcohol consumption (7.8%). The most frequent symptom was dyspnea with 84.7%. The average ejection fraction was 48%. The most frequent treatment was diuretics. The recorded mortality was 11.1%. Discussion: This study evidences a high occurrence of behaviors and risk factors whose intervention and subsequent decrease could mean important changes to the prevalence of HF in the country.
Introduction: Heart failure (HF) is a syndrome characterized by inadequate functioning of the cardiac capacities associated with disability. Its multiple etiologies and risk factors vary geographically, so it is proposed to know the clinical characteristics of HF in the Dominican Republic with the aim of suggesting improvements in health services. Methods: 2,119 cases of patients with HF were identified in Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud (HGPS) and based on this population size, a sample of 326 cases was calculated, based on a 95% confidence interval and a 5% margin of error. Based on the sample calculation, 378 cases were randomly selected. This oversampling was carried out anticipating the possible extraction of some cases in the final analyzes. After sampling, data was obtained. Results: The study showed that the average age was 69 years. Diverse risk factors were evident predominantly arterial hypertension 87.5%, ischemic heart disease 50.4%, valvulopathies 40%, and diabetes mellitus 34.7%. Risk behaviors were also observed in which the use of tobacco predominated (23.7%), obesity (17.4%) and alcohol consumption (7.8%). The most frequent symptom was dyspnea with 84.7%. The average ejection fraction was 48%. The most frequent treatment was diuretics. The recorded mortality was 11.1%. Discussion: This study evidences a high occurrence of behaviors and risk factors whose intervention and subsequent decrease could mean important changes to the prevalence of HF in the country.
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Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Source
Science and Health; Vol 4 No 2 (2020): Science and Health, may-August; 45-54
Ciencia y Salud; Vol. 4 Núm. 2 (2020): Ciencia y Salud, mayo-agosto; 45-54
2613-8824
2613-8816
10.22206/cysa.2020.v4i2
Ciencia y Salud; Vol. 4 Núm. 2 (2020): Ciencia y Salud, mayo-agosto; 45-54
2613-8824
2613-8816
10.22206/cysa.2020.v4i2